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linux:repomirror [2023/02/12 20:52] – olaflinux:repomirror [2023/03/04 09:21] (current) – Corrected link olaf
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 +===== Mirror a repository =====
 +
 +When running a Debian system (Debian, Ubuntu, Cumulus, ...) without internet connection, it cannot receive upgrades with ''apt update && apt upgrade -y''\\
 +But with any Debian based system that is online, it is possible to download the required packages and dependencies (!).
 +With only a very few systems at the same patchlevel, it might be quicker to just download the required packages as in [[linux:aptoffline|Repository for offline systems]].
 +But, when the systems are at different patch levels or to ensure a system can be recovered from an image after a disaster it might be valuable to have a full repository of the used distribution.
 +
 +==== Install the required software to mirror a repository ====
 +
 +<code bash>
 +apt install apt-mirror -y
 +</code>
 +
 +This contains everything needed to replicate a repository
 +I am using the fictitious distribution FreeDebian - replce it with the actually required distro.
 +It created /etc/apt/mirror.list that needs to be amended.
 +We need only a few active lines, but I left some commented defaults, just for information what it sets.
 +<code list>
 +############# config ##################
 +#
 +set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror/freedebian
 +#
 +# set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror
 +# set skel_path    $base_path/skel
 +# set var_path     $base_path/var
 +# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
 +# set defaultarch  <running host architecture>
 +# set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh
 +# set run_postmirror 0
 +set nthreads     20
 +set _tilde 0
 +#
 +############# end config ##############
 +
 +# if only one architecture (i386, amd64, ...) is required, add it at the end of the leading deb. The example shows that for 64-bit x86 architecture
 +# for multiples (but not all available) issue a line for each 
 +# for all available architectures, just use one line with deb (without -extension)
 +
 +# Source repositories
 +deb-amd64 [signed-by=/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/freedebian.gpg] https://deb.freedebian.org/freedebian unstable main contrib non-free
 +deb-src-amd64 [signed-by=/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/freedebian.gpg] https://fdeb.freedebian.org/freedebian unstable main contrib non-free
 +
 +clean http://deb.freedebian.org/freedebian
 +</code>
 +
 +==== Create the directory for the repositories ====
 +<code bash>
 +mkdir /var/spool/apt-mirror/freedebian
 +</code>
 +Start the replication with <code bash>apt-mirror</code> or as background task with <code bash>apt-mirror &</code>
 +
 +When the replication is finished, the whole directory should be packed and moved to the offline system for publication.
 +<code bash>
 +tar -czPf freedebian.tar.gz /var/spool/apt-mirror/freedebian/</code>
 +
 +
 +
 +==== Create a repository server on the offline network ====
 +
 +On the target network with a fresh Debian installation run ''tasksel'' and select the ''web server''.\\
 +That will install apache2 with a standard, non-ssl web site active, with the files at ''/var/www/html/''\\
 +
 +Unpack the archive created online:<code bash>
 +tar -xvzPf freedebian.tgz 
 +</code>
 +
 +link the repository to the web site:<code bash>
 +ln -s /var/spool/apt-mirror/freedebian/deb.freedebian.org/repo /var/www/html/repo
 +</code>
 +
 +==== Modify sources.list and install updates ====
 +On the clients that should use the repository modify ''/etc/apt/sources.list'', replacing the URI of the source repository with the IP of the server installed in the step before. Ensure to use http (or configure SSL on the server).
 +<code>
 +deb [arch=amd64] http://192.168.100.41/repo FreeDebian main updates non-free
 +deb-src [arch=amd64] http://192.168.100.41/repo FreeDebian main updates non-free
 +</code>
 +
 +Update apt and upgrade the client device:
 +
 +<code bash>apt update && apt dist-upgrade </code>
 +
 +Done.
 +
 +
  

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